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Advanced Search Techniques
3. Generating printable output with “Grep”
1. Introduction
I’m
going to be using the word “concordance” to refer to two different things. When it is written “Condordance™”
I am referring to R.J.C. Watt’s
software. When it is written “Urtext
Web Concordance” it refers to the html Concordance
made with Concordance™ from whose menu you got here! The two are not the same thing, but both are
called by the same name and are certainly related. There are many things that can be done with
the Urtext Web Concordance and even
more can be done with its data files if you obtain a copy of Concordance™.
There are a great many possibilities for powerful text analysis with the tools present. The “Concordance™” software (as distinct from the Urtext Web Concordance) can display numerous complex word and text string patterns. This is exceptionally useful software and is highly recommended for serious students. This is the software used to generate the Urtext Web Concordance and with this software and the data files included here, you can generate specialized concordances and conduct a wide range of sophisticated textual analysis tasks. Concordance™ is available free for a 30 day trial. Try it, you’ll like it!
Concordance™ software can do phrase searches, so significant terms consisting of more than one word, such as “real world” and “Kingdom of God” and “miracle principle,” to mention just a few, which cannot be simply searched with a standard Concordance, can be easily searched and displayed, with context of course, using the Concordance™ software.
Concordance™ can also perform proximity searches and numerous other techniques of advanced textual analysis which are indispensable for serious study of any text.
Some
of these capabilities are available with the free “grep”
program (included) if one can handle a little bit of command line
operation. Using the Windows “CMD” Command Processor (which mimics some
of the functionality of DOS and Unix on machines
running Windows) grep can identify all instances of
particular phrases and print those out with corresponding Urtext
references.
So if you want to see all instances of the word-pair “real world,” or the phrase “kingdom of heaven,” for example, you can find and display them with references and print them in a couple of minutes.
Now any word processor can “find a phrase” and even all instances of a phrase, but I know of none which can instantly extract a list to clipboard, printer or a document, with references. Grep can do that. When one is doing an in-depth study of a particular word or concept it is extremely useful to gather all instances of that word, in context, in a single list. Many patterns which would not otherwise be so obvious will stand out in such lists.
Acrobat
reader can certainly, if slowly, find all instances of any word or phrase but
it doesn’t generate a “printable” list. You can see it on screen but no
version of Acrobat I’ve seen allows the export of that list, and of course it
doesn’t display the “chapter and verse” references either. Using “grep” on the output from the Urtext Web Concordance, however, that becomes
a snap. Below is an example of the output grep
can easily make from the Urtext
Web Concordance.
In this case we searched for “
of seek you first
the *Kingdom* of Heaven say Will ye
T 3 H 15 T(179)C
say Will ye first the *Kingdom* of Heaven, and
you have T 3 H 15
gives them better perception. The *Kingdom* of Heaven
is the right T 4
have never understood what The *Kingdom* of Heaven
is within you T 4 D
within does not belong. The *Kingdom* of Heaven
IS you. * * T 4 D 1
are like those in the *Kingdom* of Heaven
Itself. * T * T 5 C 3 T(236)C
2 You ARE the *Kingdom* of Heaven, but you have
T 5 D 2 T(237)C 64
dissociation falls away, and the *Kingdom* of Heaven
breaks through
And of such is the *Kingdom* of Heaven. All the
rest T 5 F 15 T(252)C
Seek ye FIRST the *Kingdom* of Heaven, because
that is T 7 E 13 T(317)C
attacking him to tear the *Kingdom* of Heaven
from him. * * T 7 H 9
I would DECEIVE you? The *Kingdom* of Heaven IS
within you T 10 H 11
in that realization that the *Kingdom* of Heaven
is restored to T 18 G
it separate from Himself. The *Kingdom* of Heaven
is the dwelling T 18
garden gently transformed into the *Kingdom* of Heaven,
with all the T
an attempt to reach the *Kingdom* of Heaven. 9.
In using W 45 L 8 (79)
and below them to the *Kingdom* of Heaven. There
is a W 47 L 7 (84)
of God. Such is the *Kingdom* of Heaven. Such is
the W 50 L 5 (89)
You have sought first the *Kingdom* of Heaven,
and all else S 1 B 3
Figure 1 printable output from GREP.COM
Using Concordance™ software one can do this somewhat more easily and ‘click’ on the references to jump into the text at that point. So grep is not a substitute for Concordance™ in any way, but it does contain a subset of its capabilities, albeit in a much less user-friendly form.
2. Finding Word Pairs quickly
Using Firefox browser with the Urtext Web Concordance let’s search for the word pair “real world.” We’ll first look up both “real” and “world” in the “simple” mode explained in the Quick Start file. We find that “real” occurs 857 times and “world” occurs 2157 times, so we will use “real” since there is an advantage to searching a smaller list. The word pair “real world” will of course show up in the Concordance listings for either word.
Figure 2 Having clicked on REAL in the Wordlist frame (left) all instances, with five words of context on either side, appear in the Concordance frame, upper centre.
Figure 2 is the result of our search for the word real.
Now put the cursor in the central Concordance frame and “right click.” We get the options boxes as shown below.
Figure 3 After right clicking on the Concordance frame (the frame in the centre with REAL in red)
What we want to do is select “Show Only This Frame.” The other frames vanish and now all our searches will apply to this frame only. Now we enter [CONTROL][F] and search for “real world.” We can find every instance this way, but only one at a time. We can’t, in the Urtext Web Concordance by itself, remove the other hits on “real” so that we can see only those for “real world.” Concordance™ can do that, but so can Grep!
3. Generating
printable output with “Grep”
“Grep” is a Unix command and so is not normally
capitalized. We include a Windows port
of “grep” in the file GREP.COM. This is a “command line”
program which must be run from the DOS emulator, called a command processor, in
Windows.
To use grep we now want to save this Concordance frame showing all instances of “real” as a text file. Click “File” and “Save Page As” and then “Text Files” and name the file something convenient and easy to type, such as REAL.TXT and put it in a folder where you can find it. It’s most convenient to copy GREP.COM to the same folder.
Now click “start” (bottom left corner of the screen in Windows) and “Run” and then in the dialogue box where it says “Open” type the three letters CMD. This loads a command processor. We need to change directory to the folder where we put REAL.TXT and GREP.COM.
The
command is: CD\folder_name\sub-folder_name So, for instance,
if you put REAL.TXT into a folder named SCRATCH on drive C:, the command would be CD SCRATCH from the command prompt “C:”
Then,
if you also copied GREP.COM to the same folder, the command is:
grep –h “\*real\*
world” REAL.TXT
and
you see only those lines with the phrase “real world.”
Figure 4 Screenshot of “grep”
output in the Windows Command
Processor
If you want to put that display into a file, retype (or press [F3] to repeat the last command) the command with this addition:
grep –h “\*real\*
world” REAL.TXT > OUTPUT.TXT
Now
the file “OUTPUT.TXT” will be created which will have
the list and it will look like the screenshot on the left.
That’s
what I did to generate the next image, below.
Then I opened OUTPUT.TXT with Microsoft
Word (any word processor will do because it is a plain text file) and searched
for the string “real world,” replacing it with the same string in red so I
could see it more clearly. Of course I
can cut and paste this list into other documents, as I did to put it in this
webpage, or I can print it if I wish a hard copy of all instances of “real
world” in all seven volumes of A Course
in Miracles.
10 H 2 The real world can ACTUALLY BE PERCEIVED T 10 H 2
T(443)- 270
Him. Only this is the real world, and
perceiving ONLY this T 10 H 3
that you can perceive the real world is to
believe that T 10 H 4
Will to BE known. The real world is all
that the T 10 H 4 T(444)- 271
When you have perceived the real world,
you will recognize that T 10
earth become one, even the real world will
vanish from your T 10 H 5
have lost sight of the real world. You are
afraid of T 10 H 10
YOU SEE IT, but the real world is still
yours for T 10 H 10 T(446)-
H 13 In the real world, there is no
sickness T 10 H 13 T(446)- 273
his. For you share the real world as you
share Heaven T 10 H 14
deceit, you will accept the real world in
place of the T 10 H 18
the worlds reality, the real world MUST be
IN HIS T 11 D 7 T(461)-
death). God DOES love the real world, and
those who perceive T 11 D 9
death is not OF the real world, in which
everything is T 11 D 9
eternal. God gave you the real world in
exchange for the T 11 D 9
Holy Spirit to project the real world TO
you, from the T 11 D 12
real unto YOURSELF, for the real world is
the gift of T 11 G 4
He will SHOW you the real world, because
God GAVE you T 11 G 5
the Holy Spirit blesses the real world in
Their Name. * * T 11 G 5
When you have seen this real world, as you
will surely T 11 G 6
to awake. And then the real world will
spring to your T 11 G 6
He looks quietly on the real world, which
He would SHARE T 11 G 6
Purpose of God. For the real world has
slipped quietly into T 11 G 9
eyes of Christ, ONLY the real world
exists, and can BE T 11 H 12
of them. You ATTACK the real world every
day and every T 11 I 1
11 I 9 The real world was given you by
T 11 I 9 T(479)306
If this were the real world, God WOULD be
cruel T 11 J 3 T(480)307
as your witness to the real world. He is
the Holy T 12 E 10 T(498)-
MANIFESTA-TION, looking always on the real world,
and calling forth
Christ protected you, ensuring the real world
FOR you when you T 12 F
see, and tell yourself, The real world is
not like this T 12 G 1
Fathers love forever. The real world is
the way that T 12 G 7
NOT on time, and the real world is but
your welcome T 12 G 8
a fantasy. It is the real world, bright,
and clean and T 17 C 2
could complete it thus. The real world, in
its loveliness, YOU T 17 C
occur. The perception of the real world
will be so short T 17 C 4
when you have reached the real world, and
have been made T 17 C 4
17 C 5 The real world is attained simply
by T 17 C 5 T(633)- 460
and lets you see the real world, reaching
quietly and gently T 17 C 6
It will GIVE you the real world, trembling
with readiness to T 17 C 7
this world, and into the real world of
beauty and forgiveness T 17 C
the veil of ugliness; the real world, or
the world of T 17 D 12
toward the perception of the real world,
is LEARNED. It is T 17 F 1
Spirit has gently laid the real world; the
world of happy T 18 C 11
YOUR mind, so do the real world and the
truth of T 18 C 11 T(667)494
circle of brightness, is the real world,
where guilt meets with T 18
whoever attains the real world, beyond
which learning cannot T 18 K 1
for knowledge as is the real world. For
faith ARISES from T 19 B 11
Spirit leads you to the real world, and
AWAY from all T 21 D 4
seeing the DENIAL of the real world. Yet
the last question T 21 H 11
your desire to see the real world, so the
desire becomes T 21 H 11
referred to it as the real world. And yet
there is T 26 D 3 T(907)726
IS made impossible. In the real world, is
choosing simplified. * * T
no choice really is. The real world is the
area of T 26 D 5 T(908)727
26 F 11 The real world is the second part
T 26 F 11 T(916)742
he made. Yet is the real world unaffected by
the world T 29 J 6
29 J 7 The real world still is but a
T 29 J 7 T(1014)828
30 F 1 The real world is the state of
T 30 F 1 T(1030)844
is Heaven itself. Even the real world has
a purpose still T 30 F 4
it perfectly with Him. The real world
still falls short of T 30 F 4
30 F 5 The real world is a state in T 30 F
5 T(1031)845
as meaningless. Thus is the real worlds
purpose gently brought T 30 F
at the edge of the real world. Perhaps
they still look T 30 F 6
made complete. Here is the real world
given in exchange for T 30 G 1
ONLY change that lets the real world rise
to take the T 30 G 3
pardon could have none. The real world is
achieved when you T 30 G 3
I can therefore see a real world, if I
look to W 53 RI 1 (96)
thinking errors, so will the real world
rise before my eyes W 54 RI 1
I would look upon the real world, and let
it teach W 54 RI 5 (99)
does the perception of the real world
come. Having forgiven, I W 58
our goal inevitable. Today the real world
rises before us in W 75 L 4
and the sight of the real world which has
come to W 75 L 9 (148)
see the rising of the real world to
replace the foolish W 131 L 10
not occurred. Just as the real world will
arise to take W 137 L 5
away all sin, and the real world will
occupy the place W 137 L 7
images in broken parts. The real world
pictures Heavens innocence W
over in my mind, the real world must
escape my sight W 289 L 1 (537)
* (8) What is the real world? * 1. The
W 290 W8 0 (539)
world? 1. The real world is a symbol, like
W 290 W8 1 (539)
terror to your mind. The real world cannot
be perceived except W 290
not be found. 2. The real world holds a
counterpart for W 290 W8 2
which your world contains. The real world
shows a world seen W 290 W8
it look upon. 4. The real world is the
symbol that W 290 W8 4 (539)
that he is redeemed. The real world
signifies the end of W 290 W8 4
of fear. There is a real world which the
present holds W 293 L 2
How surely, therefore, must the real world
come to greet the W 312 L
between the perception of the real world
and that of the M 28 A 5
Christs vision sees the real
world in its place. This U 2 A 5 U(2)
Both this world and the real world are
illusions because U 2 A 5 U(2)
it becomes aware of the real world, and
can be trained U 2 A U(3)
is the symbol of the real world. Whoever
looks on this U 4 A 4 U(6)
the means by which the real world can be
seen, for U 5 A 2 U(7)
Now “real world” is a very common phrase so our
list is long. Many phrases won’t
generate such long lists, but you can do this with any phrase that occurs in
ACIM and the more often it occurs, the more useful it is to “separate out”
lines with that phrase from everything else.
Obviously if there is only one or two examples of a phrase, this
technique isn’t really needed.
4. Phrase searching
The quickest way to do simple phrase searching
with the Urtext Web Concordance is to
simply type the phrase into the “Find”
box after pressing [CONTROL][F] in the Concordance. What we get by searching for “Teach only love” is shown in the next
screenshot below. In Firefox the search will automatically
jump from any frame to the next if it is not found in the current frame, so
phrase searches generally end up in the complete “Text” frame, the one on the
bottom. To find the next instance, click on Next.
You can very quickly jump through each instance,
to find the one you are looking for.
Note: if there is punctuation in the phrase, it must be entered exactly
and if the phrase crosses a page break, it will not be found at all. This can introduce problems because even
where wording is consistent between versions, punctuation is sometimes
changed. At other times while the basic
idea of a passage is preserved in the changes between versions, minor word changes
occur. Either a change in wording,
however slight, or a change in punctuation will of course mean that a search
will fail.
If you can’t find a phrase you are reasonably
sure really is there, search for fragments or even just a single word because you
may be stumbling over punctuation or page break issues.
You can also easily get a listing of all
instances of a word or phrase using the “search” feature of Acrobat Reader. This is a useful and very simple technique,
once you have displayed any of the manuscript E-texts in Reader. From the MAIN menu, select
any of the three source menus to choose any of the e-text to view in Acrobat Reader. It is slow on large files, however, and the
search results do not contain references and are not “exportable” to a print
file or the clipboard.
To get a printout of all instances of any
phrase, use “grep” and the technique outlined in the
previous section.